【摘要】 目的 研究胰岛素对幼年豚鼠及远视性光学离焦幼年豚鼠眼球正视化发育的影响。方法 实验研究。将22只3周龄体重100 g左右豚鼠随机分为2组：负透镜组（-4.00 D、12只、双眼戴镜）和不戴镜组（10只）。实验开始后第1天、第6天，右眼玻璃体腔注射胰岛素12.5 μl（0.5 U）、左眼玻璃体腔注射等量生理盐水。于实验开始时和实验开始2周后分别检测其屈光度、角膜曲率半径、前房深度、晶状体厚度、玻璃体腔长度以及眼轴长度变化。结果 用析因分析及配对样本t检验进行分析。结果 实验开始时2组基线资料差异无统计学意义；实验2周后，负透镜组右、左眼屈光度变化值分别为（-3.56±1.69）D和（-3.69±1.08）D，角膜曲率半径变化值分别为（0.04±0.04）mm和（0.06±0.04）mm，眼轴变化值分别为（0.22±0.11）mm和（0.20±0.16）mm；不戴镜组右、左眼屈光度变化值分别为（-2.24±1.07）D和（-2.05±0.77）D，角膜曲率半径变化值分别为（0.15±0.05）mm和（0.13±0.05）mm，眼轴变化值分别为（0.23±0.13）mm和（0.19±0.08）mm。2组屈光度均向远视度数减少的方向发展，相对于不戴镜组，负透镜组形成明显的相对性近视，且差异具有统计学意义（F=15.99，P<0.01）；2组角膜曲率半径均增大，相对于不戴镜组，负透镜组增长幅度略低，角膜屈光力相对较大，且差异具有统计学意义（F=37.38，P<0.01）。组内左右眼各参数差异无统计学意义，即无论有无远视性光学离焦的处理，胰岛素注射眼和生理盐水注射眼各参数差异均无统计学意义。结论 远视性光学离焦使幼年豚鼠形成相对性近视；胰岛素对幼年豚鼠及远视性光学离焦幼年豚鼠眼球正视化发育无影响。
【关键词】 近视； 胰岛素； 远视性离焦； 模型，动物
DOI：10.3760/cma.j.issn.1674-845X.2014.06.006
作者单位：510060 广州，眼科学国家重点实验室 中山眼科中心（徐青林、廖韵如、林丽霞、李文涛、杨智宽）；410015 长沙，爱尔眼科医院集团 爱尔眼（陈英、李晓柠、杨智宽）
通信作者：杨智宽，Email：@189.cn
An experimental study of the effect of insulin and hyperopic defocus on infant guinea pigs
Xu Qinglin， Liao Yunru， Lin Lixia， Li Wentao， Chen Ying， Li Xiaoning， Yang Zhikuan. State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology， Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center， Sun Yat-sen University， Guangzhou 510060， China
Corresponding author：Yang Zhikuan，Email：@189.cn
【Abstract】 Objective To study the effect of insulin and hyperopic defocus on infant guinea pigs. Methods In this experimental study， three-week-old guinea pigs （n=22） weighing approximately 100 g were randomly divided into 2 groups． One group wore negative lenses （n=12， bilaterally treated with -4.00 D）； the other group wore no lenses （n=10）. The vitreous chambers of the right eyes of all the guinea pigs were injected with insulin， 12.5 μl （0.5 U）， while the vitreous chambers of the left eyes were injected with the same dose of saline on the 1st day and on the 6th day after the experiment started. Refraction， the radius of the corneal curvature， anterior chamber depth， crystalline lens thickness， vitreous chamber depth and axial length of the guinea pigs were measured before the start of the experiment and on the 14th day after the experiment started. All the results were analyzed in a factorial design and paired t test. Results The differences in the data were not statistically significant before the experiment. Two weeks later， the changes in the refraction in each eye in the group with negative lenses were -3.56±1.69 D and -3.69±1.08 D， the changes in the radius of the corneal curvature were 0.04±0.04 mm and 0.06±0.04 mm， and the changes in axial length were 0.22±0.11 mm and 0.20±0.16 mm. The changes in binocular refraction in the group without lenses were -2.24±1.07 D and -2.05±0.77 D， the changes in the radius of the corneal curvature were 0.15±0.05 mm and 0.13±0.05 mm， and the changes in axial length were 0.23±0.13 mm and 0.19±0.08 mm. Refraction in both groups trended toward the degree of reduced hyperopia. The refractive error in the group with negative lenses became more myopic and the changes were statistically significant compared with the group without lenses （F=15.99， P<0.01）. The radius of the corneal curvature increased in both groups. However， the corneal radius in the group with negative lenses was comparatively smaller and refractive power was comparatively stronger than in the group without lenses. The changes were statistically significant （F=37.38， P<0.01）. The changes in refraction， the radius of the corneal curvature， anterior chamber depth， crystalline lens thickness， vitreous chamber depth and axial length between the two eyes in both groups showed no statistically significant difference. In other words， there were no statistically significant differences between the eyes injected with insulin and the eyes injected with saline in guinea pigs whether or not they wore hyperopic defocus lenses. Conclusion Hyperopic defocus induces some myopia in infant guinea pigs. However， our study did not show that insulin had an effect on emmetropization or hyperopic defocus in infant guinea pigs.
【Key words】 Myopia； Insulin； Hyperopic Defocus； Models，animal
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